Deferred Rendering: Populating the G-Buffer

Write a C program that simulates a deferred rendering geometry pass.

Requirements:

• Define a 6x6 pixel G-buffer with 3 channels per pixel:
  • Channel 0-2: position (x, y, z)
  • Use a simplified model: just store interpolated vertex data
• Define a triangle with vertices: A=(1,1,z=0.5), normal=(0,0,1), color=(1,0,0) B=(4,1,z=0.5), normal=(0,0,1), color=(0,1,0) C=(2,4,z=0.5), normal=(0,0,1), color=(0,0,1)
• For each pixel in the triangle's bounding box:
  • Compute barycentric coordinates
  • If inside, interpolate position, normal, and color
  • Store in the G-buffer at that pixel
• Print the G-buffer contents for pixels inside the triangle
• Format: "pixel (x,y): pos=(px,py,pz), normal=(nx,ny,nz), color=(r,g,b)"
• After the geometry pass, simulate a simple lighting pass:
  • Light at (3, 3, 2), color white
  • For each G-buffer pixel, compute Lambertian diffuse: max(0, N dot L)
  • Print the lit color for each pixel
• Explain why deferred rendering is efficient for many lights