Uniform Buffer Objects: Passing Data to Shaders

Write a C program that defines and analyzes a Uniform Buffer Object layout.

Requirements:

• Define a struct that matches a typical shader UBO with std140 layout:
  • mat4 model (16 floats)
  • mat4 view (16 floats)
  • mat4 projection (16 floats)
  • vec3 light_pos (3 floats, padded to 4)
  • float time (1 float)
  • vec4 color (4 floats)
• Print the size and offset of each field
• Calculate the total size of the UBO
• Show the padding inserted by std140 rules
• Define a second, poorly packed struct:
  • vec3 light_pos
  • float time
  • mat4 model
  • vec4 color
  • mat4 view
• Calculate its size and compare to the well-packed version
• Print a note explaining why UBOs use explicit binding points instead of variable names in modern APIs